It contains high amounts of starch grains. The following are the distinguishing features of the dicot roo t system. The five distinct regions are as same as the monocot root system. Epiblema : It is uniseriate, colorless, thin-walled, and without intercellular spaces. The epiblema produces unicellular root hairs. Stomata and cuticle are absent. Cortex : It is thin-walled and made from polygonal or circular parenchymatous cells that usually have intercellular spaces.
It is responsible for the transportation of salts and water from root hairs to the center of the root. Endodermis : It is made of barrel-shaped compact parenchymatous cells and gas both passage cells and Casparian stripes.
This region allows the radial diffusion of water and minerals through the endodermis. Pericycle : It is composed of a uniseriate layer of parenchymatous cells without intercellular spaces. Lateral meristem and lateral roots grow from the Pericycle region. Vascular Region : The bundles are radial. The xylem system consists of tracheids, vessels, xylem fibres and xylem parenchyma. The phloem system consists of sieve tubes, phloem parenchyma and companion cells, Phloem fibres are absent or reduced.
Pith : It is centrally located and is very small and is made of polygonal parenchymatous cells. It functions as a storage unit of food. The differences between dicot root and monocot root are narrated below:. Dicot root. Monocot root. The cortex area is narrow. The cortex region is wide. The epiblema, cortex and endodermis are peeled and replaced by cork.
There is no formation of cork and only the epiblema is peeled off. Older dicot roots have a covering of cork. The cells that make up sclerenchyma have thicker walls, which makes sclerenchyma more rigid in texture than parenchyma.
The endodermis , another layer of dermal tissue, serves as a selective barrier between the ground tissue of the cortex and the stele —the central part of the root where the xylem and phloem develop. The pericycle is the outermost layer of the stele. It contains cells that can divide and give rise to lateral roots. Another type of ground tissue, called pith , can be found in the center of monocot roots.
It is composed of parenchyma. Download Plant Lab Activities. Monocots and dicots contain two main types of vascular tissue: the xylem and phloem. The xylem carries water and dissolved minerals upward from the roots to the stem and leaves. In monocot roots, xylem and phloem tissue bundles are arranged in a circular fashion around the central pith, which consists of ground tissue parenchyma. Monocot roots have a larger number of vascular structures than dicot roots. The arrangement of xylem and phloem is different in dicots than it is in monocots.
The xylem is all located in the middle of the dicot root, and bundles of phloem are arranged around it, separated from it by vascular cambium. When cells of the vascular cambium divide, they differentiate into secondary growth xylem and phloem, which increases the girth of dicot roots and stems.
Monocots do not have vascular cambium. Roots are usually attached to the stems via hypocotyl. This is a special region that helps to enhance root growth.
Roots have primary and secondary growth phases. These vital structures in a plant experience positive geotropism and negative phototropism. The root system of the flowering plant is grouped into monocot and dicot. So, what is the main difference between dicot and monocot root? The dicot root contains a xylem at the center and phloem on the surrounding. The monocot root has a xylem and phloem around a circular pattern in an alternate manner. Both types of roots have vascular bundles, cortex tissues, endodermis, and pericycle.
You can use the morphological structures and growth regions to tell the differences between dicot and monocot root. This article provides a detailed explanation of the similarities and differences between the two types of root systems. Take the time to read through for a better understanding.
It consists of a taproot with a single primary root where secondary and tertiary roots develop and grow vertically downwards.
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