Assessing hydration status and for signs of an underlying cause. Reviewing the duration and pattern of hypercalcaemia. Arranging additional blood tests, urine tests, and chest X-ray to determine the underlying cause, depending on clinical judgement.
Management of a person with unexplained hypercalcaemia includes: Arranging referral to an endocrinologist if primary hyperparathyroidism, familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia, or a non-parathyroid endocrine cause is suspected. Arranging referral to an appropriate specialist if another underlying cause is suspected.
Reducing or stopping any potentially causative drugs and monitoring the response. Liaising with the person's oncologist or palliative care specialist if there is any uncertainty about ongoing management.
Access myPennMedicine For Patients and Visitors. Patient Information. Conditions Treated A-Z. Definition Hypercalcemia means you have too much calcium in your blood. PTH is made by the parathyroid glands. These are four small glands located in the neck behind the thyroid gland. Vitamin D is obtained when the skin is exposed to sunlight, and from food sources or supplements. This excess occurs due to: An enlargement of one or more of the parathyroid glands. A growth on one of the glands.
Most of the time, these growths are benign not a cancer. Calcium blood level may also be high if your body is low on fluids or water. Other conditions can also cause hypercalcemia: Certain kinds of cancers, such as lung and breast cancer, or cancer that has spread to your organs. Too much vitamin D in your blood hypervitaminosis D.
Being immobile in bed for many days or weeks mostly in children. Too much calcium in your diet. This is called milk-alkali syndrome. It most often occurs when a person is taking more than milligrams of calcium bicarbonate supplements a day along with high doses of Vitamin D.
Overactive thyroid gland. Chronic kidney disease or kidney failure. Medicines such as lithium and thiazide diuretics water pills. Hypoparathyroidism is associated with steatorrhea that may improve with medium-chain triglycerides, correction of the hypoparathyroidism, or administration of vitamin D. Hyperparathyroidism results in constipation because of reduction in neuromuscular excitability by high calcium levels. Any association is difficult to prove today, as hyperparathyroidism is usually mild due to early detection of cases through routine automated measurements of calcium.
In addition, PUD is less prevalent now than before the advent of proton pump inhibitors. More-severe cases produce signs and symptoms related to the parts of your body affected by the high calcium levels in your blood. Examples include:. Contact your doctor if you develop signs and symptoms that might indicate hypercalcemia, such as being extremely thirsty, urinating frequently and having abdominal pain.
Besides building strong bones and teeth, calcium helps muscles contract and nerves transmit signals. Normally, if there isn't enough calcium in your blood, your parathyroid glands secrete a hormone that triggers:. This delicate balance between too little calcium in your blood and hypercalcemia can be disrupted by a variety of factors. Hypercalcemia is caused by:. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products.
0コメント