The Government of Haiti is based upon a prime minister and a president where the prime minister is head of the government and the president is head of state. Executive power is held by the president and the prime minister. Haiti traditionally has had a strong presidency. The president serves a five-year term and may not serve consecutive terms.
The president may only have two non-sequential terms. The president is elected by popular vote and the prime minister is appointed by the president, then ratified by the National Assembly. Members of the cabinet form the executive branch are chosen by the prime minister with input from the president.
The cabinet, composed of the prime minister and the 15 ministry heads, advises the president, serving at his pleasure. The president shares power with the prime minister, who is nominated by the president and approved by the legislature.
Legislative power is entrusted to the National Assembly, which consists of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies.
Senate seats are elected by an absolute majority vote through a two-round system, and the seats in the Chamber of Deputies are elected through an absolute majority vote in single-member constituencies. Parliament consists of two houses and the prime minister runs the government. Popularly elected deputies serve four-year terms. Senators serve six-year terms, with one-third of the body being elected every two years. Each department elects three senators.
Members of both houses are directly elected and may serve consecutive terms. At the lowest level, justices of the peace issue arrest warrants, adjudicate minor offenses, mediate disputes, and take depositions. Courts of the first instance hear more serious or complicated cases. Appeals from the courts of first instance go before one of the country's 30 appeals courts. The Supreme Court serves as the final arbiter on legal and constitutional questions.
A separate court in Port-au-Prince handles labor issues. Before leaving office, President Aristide signed a bill creating a tenth department, but the measure has been awaiting publication since November and thus had not yet become law as of Below the federal level, Haiti has a complicated and decentralized system of regional and local governance. Haiti's nine departments are divided into 41 districts, which are further divided into municipalities called communes.
Further dividing the municipalities, communal sections sections communales exist - roughly equivalent to towns in the United States. From to , Haiti entered a period of extreme political turmoil during which it had 6 presidents, each killed or forcefully removed from office. From until , the US occupied the island to carry out reform and ensure debt repayment to US banks. This takeover resulted in a democratic government for Haiti, briefly.
The following decades, were marked by elected Presidents and dictatorships. In , the military overthrew the last dictator, took power, and wrote a new Constitution in order to reestablish democracy. Largely unsuccessful, the country remained under full military rule from to Between and , the country experienced two elected presidents.
Violence continued through , and a prior President once again took control until In , the public democratically elected another President, Michel Martelly, who stepped down in February of without a replacement. An interim President was appointed. Today, the government of Haiti is a semi-presidential republic system. The public elect the President to office and the President then appoints the Prime Minister based on the political party in control of the National Assembly.
The President and the Prime Minister hold executive power together. The National Assembly is divided into two chambers and hold legislative power. A month-long examination in recommended completely redoing the vote after auditing 13, ballots randomly. In spite of this, Haiti remains one of the world's poorest countries and is the poorest in the Americas region, with poverty, corruption, poor infrastructure, and lack of health care cited as main causes.
The Haitian Government Haiti is built upon a semi-presidential republic. Executive, Legislative, Judicial. Leader s. Leader's Political Party. Headquarters City.
0コメント